Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Advances, Challenges, and Future
1.Mrs.Vaishali Ramlal Mahajan
, 2.Dr.Vaishali Dadaji Shewale , 3.Mr. Prathamesh Ashoksingh Raghuwanshi , 4.Mr.Abhay Sadanand Naik , 5.Mr. Shubham Gajanan Sawale
1. Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) 2. Controlled drug release 3. Microneedles and nanocarriers 4. Permeation enhancers 5. Non-invasive drug administration
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) represent an advanced pharmaceutical approach that allows drugs to be delivered through the skin into the systemic circulation in a controlled manner. Unlike conventional oral or injectable drug delivery methods, TDDS provides sustained and controlled drug release, improved patient compliance, and reduced side effects. These systems leverage the skin’s permeability to transport therapeutic agents while overcoming challenges like enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and first-pass metabolism in the liver.
TDDS employs various formulations such as transdermal patches, gels, creams, microneedles, nanocarriers, and iontophoresis to enhance drug penetration through the stratum corneum, the outermost barrier of the skin. This method is particularly beneficial for delivering drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, improving bioavailability, and providing non-invasive administration for chronic diseases such as hypertension, pain management, hormone therapy, and neurological disorders. Nicotine patches, fentanyl patches, and hormone replacement therapy patches are widely used examples.
Recent advancements in TDDS include nanotechnology-based carriers such as liposomes, ethosomes, transfersomes, and nanosponges, which enhance drug solubility, stability, and targeted release. Additionally, innovative approaches like microneedle patches, electroporation, and ultrasound-enhanced delivery have revolutionized TDDS, allowing the administration of biologics such as insulin and vaccines.
Despite its benefits, TDDS faces challenges like limited drug permeability, skin irritation, and variability in drug absorption due to individual differences in skin physiology. Ongoing research aims to overcome these limitations through biochemical enhancers, bioengineered skin models, and artificial intelligence-driven optimization.
In conclusion, TDDS is a promising non-invasive alternative to conventional drug administration, offering continuous, controlled, and patient-friendly drug delivery. With continuous advancements in formulation science and bioengineering, TDDS is expected to expand its therapeutic potential, making personalized medicine more accessible and efficient.
"Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Advances, Challenges, and Future", IJSDR - International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (www.IJSDR.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 5, page no.b232-b241, May-2025, Available :https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2505127.pdf
Volume 10
Issue 5,
May-2025
Pages : b232-b241
Paper Reg. ID: IJSDR_302688
Published Paper Id: IJSDR2505127
Downloads: 000149
Research Area: Pharmacy All
Country: Nandurbar, Maharashtra, India
ISSN: 2455-2631 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.15 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 9.15 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publisher: IJSDR(IJ Publication) Janvi Wave
