Comparative Study of Surgically Induced Astigmatism in Different Types of Cataract Incision.
DR.RAHUL PAWAR
, DR.SMITA PATARE , DR.SUVARNA KALAPAD
Cataract surgery; Surgically induced astigmatism; Phacoemulsification; Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS); Clear corneal incision; Sclero-corneal incision; Keratometry.
Background: Cataract remains the leading cause of blindness in India. Advances in cataract surgery have transformed it from a purely vision-restoring procedure into a refractive surgery, with a major determinant of postoperative success being surgically induced astigmatism (SIA).
Aim: To evaluate the incidence and pattern of post-surgical astigmatism in relation to three types of incisions: superior sclero-corneal valve incision (SSC) in manual small incision cataract surgery, and superior (SCC) and temporal clear corneal valve incisions (TCC) in phacoemulsification surgery.
Methods: A comparative study was conducted on 120 patients undergoing cataract surgery, divided equally into three groups (SSC, SCC, TCC). Keratometry readings were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 3, and 6 weeks. Surgically induced astigmatism was analyzed across groups using statistical tests for significance.
Results: SSC and SCC incisions predominantly induced against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism, whereas TCC incision more commonly resulted in with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism. While superior incisions showed greater ATR shift, temporal incisions demonstrated earlier wound stability and lower mean postoperative astigmatism. Paired comparisons showed statistically significant changes in the TCC group at week 1 (p<0.05), while SSC showed highly significant differences in the horizontal meridian.
Conclusion: Temporal clear corneal incisions induce lower and more favorable astigmatism compared to superior approaches, making them advantageous for patients with pre-existing ATR astigmatism. Superior incisions, however, may be beneficial in cases of WTR astigmatism. Individualized incision planning is therefore essential to optimize visual outcomes.
"Comparative Study of Surgically Induced Astigmatism in Different Types of Cataract Incision.", IJSDR - International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (www.IJSDR.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 9, page no.b184-b193, September-2025, Available :https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2509125.pdf
Volume 10
Issue 9,
September-2025
Pages : b184-b193
Paper Reg. ID: IJSDR_305003
Published Paper Id: IJSDR2509125
Downloads: 00086
Research Area: Humanities All
Country: AHILYANAGAR, Maharashtra, India
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijsdr.v10i9.305003
ISSN: 2455-2631 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.15 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 9.15 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
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